Share on Facebook


On this page you can buy some of the greatest Hypnosis and self improvement products in the world! We carry only the best tested and true products by top suppliers such as Hypnosis Downloads, Subliminal Science, Hypnotic World and Hypnosis Network. We have a great selection of CD sets, Instant Download Hypnosis Mp3s and professional material such as hypnosis Scripts as well as learning material if you are a professional Hypnotist or wanting to become one! if you simply want to know more about hypnotic techniques. We will constantly add new and related material from Renaissance Hypnosis as well as other Hypnotists! Feel Free to browse through those great products and enjoy!

 

Coming soon! 

 
Read the Book of Influence by 50 Top Hypnotist, featuring yours truly, Dany Leblanc C.H., The Book will be available for purchase on this very page and will teach you how to take control of your own life today!

 

HOW TO HYPNOTIZE FRIENDS

AND INFLUENCE PEOPLE

50 Top Hypnotists Program You in the Art and Science of Hypnosis in Love, Persuasion, Negotiation, Seduction,Hypnotic Marketing, and Shameless Bribery to Sway People to Let You Help Them Be More Effective, Joyful and Rich.

The exact date when it will be released will be confirmed at a later date! 

 

 

Available now! 

 

Premiere Audio Hypnosis Solutions:

We know it is not always possible to benefit from a one on one consultation, sometimes distance can be an issue, and if a telephone session is not what you want we recommend that you get one of our audio hypnosis solutions. We have both CDs and Instant Download MP3s so that you can buy that is best suited to you.

The following is available lower down on this page:
Instant Hypnosis Mp3 Downloads, Hypnosis CD sets And if you are just curious to find out how a "Scripted" Hypnosis session works we also have Professional Hypnosis Scripts
available by clicking here


Instant Mp3 Downloads

If you are not in the Ottawa area and a telephone session is not what you want, and that waiting for shipping is not an option, you can simply buy a Mp3 session from the list down below and get started right away! Mp3s are $12.95 a or 2 for $19.95, sometimes less and are a cheaper alternative to CDs. 

Those Mp3s are from one of the most trusted providers of Hypnosis products in the world: HypnosisDownloads.com



Listen to and benefit from hypnosis MP3s to overcome fears, phobias, addictions and improve your mind-set in the comfort of your own home. All hypnosis MP3s are professionally recorded by the expert hypnotherapists at Hypnotic World, and are available in MP3 and CD formats. Hypnotic World offers over 500 hypnosis MP3s, which can be easily downloaded for noticeable benefits...


Click on them to find out more!

Or click here to see more!
 
 

 
Hypnosis MP3 Downloads
Choose from over 500 professionally-recorded, psychiatrist-recommended sessions from the experienced hypnotherapists at Hypnotic World. Click an MP3 to view more information and to download:
Addictions
Addiction to Nicotine Gum
Addictive Personality
Alcohol Cessation
Alcohol Moderation
Binge Drinking
Caffeine Addiction
Cannabis
Chewing Tobacco
Chocolate Addiction
Cigarette Cravings
Cocaine Addiction
Coming off Anti-Depressants
Compulsive Spending
Computer Confidence
Cutting Down on Smoking
Freedom from Drugs
Gambling
Help your Clients to Stop Smoking in One Hour
Heroin Addiction
Mobile Phone Obsession
Nicotine Craving
Pipe Smoking
Power Nap
Road to Stopping Smoking
Salt Addiction
Secret Smoking
Smoke-Free House
Smoking Association
Smoking Aversion
Soft Drink Addiction
Stop Smoking Today!
Stop Smoking with Self Hypnosis
Stopping Smoking
Stopping Smoking
Stopping Smoking 2
Stopping Smoking with Time Distortion
Stopping Smoking: Driving towards Success
Stopping Smoking: The Valley
Sugar Addiction
The Joy of Reading

Anger
Anger Management
Anger Management 2
Forgiveness
Frustration
Road Rage
Stopping Swearing

Business Skills and Finance
Affluence
Attracting Abundance
Business Meetings
Career Confidence
Executive Skills
Facing Bankruptcy
Financial Worries
Lottery Winner
Natural Negotiation
Prosperity
Selling Skills with Hypnosis techniques
Successful Interviews
The Secret of Successful Therapy - Revealed
Time Management

Childbirth
Abortion
Baby Bonding
Breastfeeding an Adopted Baby
Breech Birth
Childbirthing Cycle
Crying Baby
Elective Caesarean Section
Failed IVF
Infertility
IVF
Morning Sickness
Natural Childbirth
Parents of Premature Baby
Post Natal Depression
Pre - IVF
Sustaining a Healthy Pregnancy

Children's Issues
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Bedwetting
Child Meditation
Childhood defiance
Childhood Infections
Children Hypno-Relaxation
Coping with Divorce for Children
Disruptive Scholars
Encopresis
Fear of the Dark for Children
Fear of the dentist for children
Fear of Vomiting for Children
Juvenile Diabetes Management
OCD: Balloon Room
Opposition Defiance Disorder
Perfect Parenting
Safe Sleeping for Children
Teenage Time Management
Thumb Sucking

Confidence
Be Confident
Best Man's Speech
Blushing
Blushing in Groups
Bullying
Camera Shy
Circle of Confidence
Confidence
Confidence at Work
Confidence Building
Confidence for Hypnotherapists
Confidence Kite
Confidence: Conference Table
Confidence: Crystal Ball
Confidence: Garden of Life
Dating Confidence
Ego Strengthening
Football Confidence
Inappropriate Laughter
Increased Self Esteem
Interrupted Sleep
Living in the Now
Making Decisions
Public Speaking
Self Belief: Protective Shield
Stuttering
Timidity

Exams
Driving Test
Driving Theory Test Nerves
Exam Success
Practical Exams
Presentations and Exams

Fears and Phobias
Agoraphobia
Claustrophobia
Disposaphobia
Fear of Air Turbulence
Fear of Anaesthesia
Fear of Authority
Fear of Balloons
Fear of Bees or Wasps
Fear of Being Alone
Fear of Birds
Fear of Blood
Fear of Bodily Functions
Fear of Buttons
Fear of Cats
Fear of Childbirth
Fear of Commitment
Fear of Criticism
Fear of Death
Fear of Dental Treatment
Fear of Doctors and Dentists
Fear of Dogs
Fear of Driving
Fear of Elevators (Lifts)
Fear of Eye Drops
Fear of Failure
Fear of Fainting
Fear of Fear
Fear of Flying
Fear of Flying 3
Fear of Flying Everyday
Fear of Frogs
Fear of Germs
Fear of Ghosts
Fear of Growing Old
Fear of Heights or Bridges
Fear of Injections
Fear of Insects
Fear of Inserting Contact Lenses
Fear of Internal Examinations
Fear of Intimacy
Fear of Lizards
Fear of Loud Noises
Fear of Monsters (for Children)
Fear of Moths
Fear of Motorway Driving
Fear of MRI Scan
Fear of Needles (for Children)
Fear of Pregnancy
Fear of Public Toilets
Fear of Rats and Mice
Fear of Rejection
Fear of Snakes
Fear of Spiders
Fear of Spiders for children
Fear of Success
Fear of Swimming (for Children)
Fear of Talking on the Telephone
Fear of Technology
Fear of the Dark
Fear of Thunderstorms
Fear of Travel
Fear of Viral Contamination
Fear of Vomiting
Fear of Warmth on Skin
Fear of Water
Fearless Flying
Helping Your Clients to Overcome Phobias
Homophobia
Phobia Release
School Phobia
Sea Sickness
Social Phobia

Grief
Bereavement
Loneliness
Losing a Pet
Saying Goodbye

Habits and Disorders
Adult Attention Defecit Hyperactive Disorder
Altitude Sickness
Anorexia
Appetite Increase
Balance - (or, Fear of Falling over whilst Walking)
Bladder Control
Bladder Control 2
Bruxism
Bulimia
Chewing Annoyance
Compulsive Lying
Control of gag reflex/Easy swallowing
Creating Alternatives
Depression
Depression: Healing White Light
Drink Driving Aversion
Enjoy Fruit and Vegetables
Insomnia
Insomnia: Black Door
Knuckle Cracking
Maintenance Insomnia
Morning Person
Mouth and Cheek Biting
Nail Biting
Nervous Cough
Nervous Twitch
Nicer Nails
Obsessive Behavior
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 3
Overcoming Enuresis (Adults)
Selective Mutism
Sleep Talking
Sleep Walking
Snoring for the Listener
Snoring Stopping
Stopping Unwanted Thoughts
Swallowing Pills with Ease
Teeth Grinding
Thumb Sucking Adult
Tone Deafness
Trichotillomania (Compulsive Hair Pulling)
Urge Incontinence

Loss
Abandoned Baby
Anniversary
Finding Lost Objects

Memory and Learning
Accelerated Studying
Accelerated Studying
Autogenic Programming
Better Handwriting
Concentration
Dance the Night Away
Dyslexia
Foreign Language Study
Listening Skills
Memory and Concentration
Mental Blocks
Peak Performance
Perfect Pianist
Perfectionism
Personal Pride
Photographic Memory
Presentations and Exams
Procrastination
Speed Reading
Stage Fright Auditions
Super Learning
Time Distortion
Time Distortion 2
Velvet Voice
Writing Skills

Pain Relief
Creating Numbness
Glove Anesthesia: Mountain Cabin
Melt Away Pain
Menstrual Pain
Muscular Relaxation
Pain Management
Pain Relief
Pain Relief
Pain Relief for Children
Phantom Limb Pain

Personal Development
Accepting Responsibility
Accepting Yourself
Appreciation
Assertiveness
Become tidy and organized
Charisma
Creative Painting
Creativity
Emotional Calm
Great Guitar Playing
Happiness
Inner Adviser
Life Changes
Luck and Intuition
Make Your Dreams Come True
Motivation
New Year New You
Patience
Reinvent Yourself
Song Writing Skills
The Joy of Reading
Tuning into Emotions
Unlock Visualization Ability
Unlock your Creative Abilities
Writers Block

Psychic and Paranormal
Automatic Writing
Connecting to your Higher Self
Developing ESP
Inner Truth Meditation
Out of Body Experience
Psychic Ability
Psychic Protection

Regression and Progression
Affect Bridge Technique
Age Regression
Back to the Womb
Chakra Regression
Christos Technique
Crystal Revelation
Earth Magic
Future Life Progression
Future Projection
Hall of Mirrors
Hidden Files
Higher Consciousness
Inner Child
Karma
Life Script
Memorabilia
Past Life Rainbow
Past Life Regression
Path of Life
Regression
The Time Machine
Tree of Life

Relationships
Accepting Alcoholism
Attracting Love
Dealing with Divorce
Draw Love into Your Life
Forgetting an Ex-Lover
Hypnosis for Lovers
Jealousy
Moving on in a Relationship
Overcome Marital Abuse
Possessiveness
Premature Ejaculation
Rebuilding Trust
Relationships
Saying No to Sex
Successful Step Parenting
Unrequited Love

Self Hypnosis
Hypnotize Yourself

Sports Improvement
Better Basketball
Better Snooker
Bike Riding Confidence
Boxing Boost
Champion Darts
Championship Cricket
Chess Master
Excel at Sport
Exercise
Exercise for Fun
Golf Improvement
Improve Yourself Sports
Learn to Swim with Hypnosis (for Adults)
Perfect Pitching
Perfect Poker
Perfecting a Back Handspring
Play Better Rugby Union
Rock Climbing
Rugby League
Running Jogging
Show Jumping Confidence
Sports Improvement
Squash
Tennis Improvement

Stress and Anxiety
Anger Tool
Anxiety Release
Beach Worker
Blow Away Stress
Emotional Baggage
Emotional Release
Fast Anxiety Release
Gagging
Guilt
Guilt Complex
Mind Clutter
Morbid Thoughts
Negative Emotion Release: Balloon
Negative Release
Negativity
Nightmares
Panic Attacks
Panic Attacks
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Relaxation
Separation Anxiety
Silver Sack Negativity
Stress
Stress Management
Wash Away Stress
Wedding Day Nerves
Worrying

Visualizations
Balloon Ride
Blue Cave
Colors
Enchanted Forest
Group Induction
Horse Deepener
Motorbike Visualization with Deepener
Ski Slope
Snowman Induction
Stairway to Heaven
The Playground
The Road to Granada

Weight Loss
Attic Weight Loss
Easy Weight Loss
Emotional Eating
Exercise in Your Sleep
Festive Eating
Fit, Trim and Healthy
Gastric Band Weight Loss
Maintaining Weight Loss
Night-time Eating
Slimmer You
Weight Gain for Women
Weight Loss
Weight Loss - Escape from Prison
Weight Loss: Control Room
Browse/Search all Hypnosis MP3 Downloads...

Up | Down | Top | Bottom
 

To find out more about a product or to see if it is on sale, simply click the "Learn More" link besides the product you are interested in.
The link will bring you to the www.hypnosisnetwork.com page so that you can buy the product.


 

Enjoying Weight Loss

lose weight with hypnosis

You make a plan, choose a diet, and try to exercise - but somehow it's impossible to stick to it. Turn your weight loss program around with the power of hypnosis. Using the latest weight loss research combined with cutting-edge hypnosis techniques, this 4-CD program helps you follow any healthy eating and exercise plan for real results. Begin planning your meals, exercising regularly, drinking more water, and craving healthy meals. This is our most popular program, used by thousands of customers.
By Dr. Roberta Temes
4 CDs $119.00

learn more

 

The Non-Smoker's Edge

quit smoking with hypnosis

Quitting smoking is tough, but The Non-Smoker's Edge is tougher. This extensive 7-CD audio hypnosis program combines eight full sessions of smoking-cessation hypnosis with one session of behavior modification strategies and one session of smoking aversion therapy. Research shows these tools can improve your chance of success from less than 5% to more than 66%.
By Dr. Randy Gilchrist
7 CDs

Was $149.00 is now only: $99.00
learn more

Productivity Engineering

overcome procrastination

Procrastination keeps you from your goals and kills your dreams. To overcome it, the key is to reprogram your mind so that work is no longer feels difficult, but interesting and easy. In this comprehensive 4-CD audio hypnosis program from productivity expert Dr. Neil Fiore, techniques and exercises will be introduced to you while you are in a hypnotic state, allowing you begin to work successfully with your subconscious, instead of fighting it. Become a person who gets things done!
By Dr. Neil Fiore
4 CDs $119.00

learn more

 

Subconscious Sales Success Strategies: Volume 1

overcome subconscious blocks

To sell, you must generate hot prospects and reach the decision-maker. This program will help overcome the subconscious blocks that may have kept you from achieving your strongest level of sales. Learn to overcome your fear of cold-calling, organize your sales efforts, protect yourself from rejection burnout, and set more appointments in less time. Master the most important part of the sales cycle: getting the appointment.
By Dr. Peter Lambrou
4 CDs $119.00

learn more

Core Inner Strength

build self-esteem

Self-confidence is built on healthy self-esteem. This audio hypnosis program works to build your esteem and confidence from the inside out, helping you to find and access the strength you already have. Through the focused attention made possible through professional hypnosis, you can begin to see your own worth, and attain your own optimum levels of self-esteem, self-confidence and inner strength.
By Dr. Shirley McNeal
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

 

Managing Stress and Anxiety

stay healthy in the midst of stress
Stress eats away at your physical and psychological health. But here's the good news: one recent study showed that medical students who learned some of the techniques used in this hypnosis program significantly reduced exam-time stress. And blood samples revealed that the students’ immune systems became stronger the more they practiced the techniques! The 2-CD set includes three hypnosis sessions: total relaxation, stress management, and anxiety management.

By Dr. Randy Gilchrist
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

Hypnosis: The Pain Solution

manage chronic pain

Designed for chronic pain sufferers who are not responding to typical pain interventions like medication and physical therapy, this 4-CD program teaches you how pain works in the body, and gives you the tools to overcome it. It contains ten guided exercises teaching essential skills to reverse the course of chronic pain, using tools derived from guided imagery, self-hypnosis, yoga, Pilates, and Energy Psychology. Dr. Maggie Phillips is a calm, expert guide to comfort and relief.
By Dr. Maggie Phillips
4 CDs $119.00

learn more

 

Core Sports Performance

reach your performance goals

Get in the zone today. Try the same cutting-edge sports hypnosis techniques that many star athletes currently use to bring their mind into their game. Learn concentration, intensity, breathing, visualization, optimism, and emotional balance, and shut out doubt and anxiety for peak performance. Top sports psychologist Dr. Jack Singer consults with the pros; now you can access his expertise.
By Dr. Jack Singer
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

The Hypnosis Experience

Ericksonian mind-body hypnosis

This Ericksonian hypnosis program will enhance your ability to communicate with your unconscious mind. As you listen to these elegant hypnosis sessions, you will begin to expand your awareness, enrich your life, connect your mind and body, and find new ways to reach your goals. Dr. Eric Greenleaf is one of the world's premiere teachers of hypnotherapy, training licensed professionals in hypnosis.
By Dr. Eric Greenleaf
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

 

Five Funny Critters

build character through stories

These hypnotically-based children's bedtime stories are the next best thing to personally reading to your child, and talking about the issues they face each day. Developed specifically for children aged 5-7, the five stories on the second CD use metaphors and animal characters in a folktale style to address the issues of fear, change, sleep, school, and interacting with others. The first CD is for parents.
By Dr. John Dyckman
2 CDs

Was $39.00 is now only: $19.50
learn more

Shared Couple's Trance

deepen your relationship

Intimacy is hard, and yet so incredibly rewarding. This unique program can help married couples, new couples, or longtime companions enhance your primary relationship while maintaining a healthy sense of independence. The CD contains two hypnosis sessions designed to be listened to together as a couple. Simply relax together, and enjoy the rejuvenating effects of appreciating each other, reducing damaging patterns, and letting go of unnecessary baggage.
By Dr. Michele Ritterman
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

Test Taking Mastery

conquer test anxiety

Exams and tests are critical to every student. This program will allow you or a loved one to master the arts of studying effectively, retaining the maximum information, increasing your concentration, and then acing the exam. Dr. McNeal, the author of over 20 scientific papers, works with your unconscious mind to optimize your studying and prepare you to succeed.
By Dr. Shirley McNeal
1 CD $39.00

learn more

Smooth Surgery, Rapid Recovery: A Systematic Hypnotic Approach

prepare for surgery with hypnosis
Designed to facilitate a successful surgery and speed healing afterwards, this program was created by Dr. Carol Ginandes, a renowned expert in mind/body healing. Four hypnosis sessions designed to be used from 2-3 weeks before surgery to four weeks after the surgery help reduce anxiety, ease the surgery itself, re-establish basic physiological functions after surgery, quicken recovery, and enhance your rehabilitation.

By Dr. Carol Ginandes
3 CDs $69.00

learn more

 

Sammy the Elephant and Mr. Camel

end bedwetting

Bedwetting is a challenge for both parents and child. Help your child overcome bedwetting, simply by relaxing with a delightful bedtime story. Dr. Joyce Mills, a spellbinding storyteller, created this tale about Sammy, a lovable little circus elephant who keeps spilling his buckets of water. The story provides a comprehensive healing metaphor, and builds self-esteem, the ability to handle criticism, confidence in learning, and self-appreciation.
By Dr. Joyce Mills
2 CDs Was $39.00 is now only: $19.50

learn more

Hypnosis: The Headache Solution

overcome chronic headaches

Headache pain can take over your life. Learn to stop headaches before they begin in four simple steps: recognize the signs of an impending headache before it occurs, pause and rest, reverse the chain reaction that generates the headache, and then create a different (positive) chain reaction in your body. Dr. Maggie Phillips, pain management expert, developed these unique techniques over 20 years to help her patients experience lasting relief.
By Dr. Maggie Phillips
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

Advanced Sports Pain Management

end sports pain

Are you being slowed down by nagging injuries and chronic pain? The pain associated with old injuries is a barrier to your athletic success. Hypnosis is a safe, natural way for you to increase your pain threshold - ultimately reducing your need for medication. When you're feeling pain and are no longer damaging the affected area, this program will help you reduce the pain to a manageable level.
By Dr. Jack Singer
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

Workplace Survival Skills

improve your business communication

Learn to successfully navigate in today’s complex workplace environment. Clinical psychologist Dr. John Dyckman uses a combination of thoughtful advice and hypnosis to help your conscious and subconscious mind take control of workplace communication issues. By learning how to think strategically and build alliances, you will never be the victim of office politics again.
By Dr. John Dyckman
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

Overcoming Performance Anxiety

speak confidently in public

Stop the fear. Whether you are delivering a speech, playing an instrument, singing, talking to a small group, or acting, this program will help you perform at your absolute best. Dr. Shirley McNeal is a recognized expert in using hypnosis for inner strength and ego strengthening. Learn to think positively, love the spotlight, and get rid of those sweaty palms.
By Dr. Shirley McNeal
1 CD $39.00

learn more

Accelerated Sports Healing

heal sports injuries

It is common for athletes to lose their ability to heal quickly after enduring multiple injuries. Each injury causes your immune system and natural healing processes to slow down. Hypnosis is a safe, natural way to accelerate your normal rate of healing. Being able to heal more quickly can help you compete at a higher level and give you a competitive advantage.
By Dr. Jack Singer
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

Mental Toughness

build resilience and persistence

To reach your goals, you need what productivity expert Dr. Neil Fiore calls "mental toughness": the ability to keep going even when things get tough. If you lose focus, you need to be able to refocus quickly and get back to solving the problem. Using hypnosis techniques, Dr. Fiore teaches you to stay positive, let go of distractions or tension, and refocus on your goal. You can become more resilient after setbacks, and expand your commitment to goal achievement.
By Dr. Neil Fiore
1 CD $39.00

learn more

Preparing for Uncertainty

embrace uncertainty
Life is full of surprises, but you can give yourself the advantage of preparation. This Ericksonian hypnosis program will enhance your ability to feel safe and relaxed in new situations as they arise in your life. When you're comfortable, you improve your chances of performing at your best. Use the program to prepare for a job interview, a first date, a new baby, a career change, or the challenges of everyday living.

By Dr. Eric Greenleaf
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

Maintaining Pleasure

end erectile dysfunction
If you have problems getting or maintaining an erection, hear this: studies in the late 1990s showed a 75% to 80% improvement rate using hypnosis as a treatment for ED patients whose impotence was not linked to physical causes. This 2-CD program created by two top sex therapists first guides you through techniques to end erectile dysfunction, then reinforces those exercises with hypnosis sessions. Focus on your partner, and not your performance.

By Dr. Joel Block and Dr. Lonnie Barbach
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

Lasting Longer

stop premature ejaculation

If you or a loved one suffer from premature ejaculation, otherwise known as rapid ejaculation or early ejaculation, sex therapy exercises and hypnosis can help. In this 2-CD program, Dr. Joel Block first guides the user through proven techniques to increase control. Then Dr. Lonnie Barbach uses hypnosis sessions to reinforce your learning, while enabling you to maximize sexual sensations. Gain control, without reducing your pleasure.
By Dr. Joel Block and Dr. Lonnie Barbach
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

 

Beyond the Baby Blues

overcome the baby blues
Becoming a mother can leave you overwhelmed. This 2-CD program by Shoshana S. Bennett, an expert in preventing and treating postpartum blues and depression, is designed to lift your spirits, comfort your soul, and create the necessary balance needed while you are adjusting to your new life and new baby. In three gentle but powerful hypnosis sessions, it helps support and nurture the most important person in a new baby’s life – Mom!

By Shoshana S. Bennett
2 CDs $69.00

learn more

Relieving Dental Anxiety

conquer fears of dental treatment

Unable to visit the dentist or face dental surgery? This hypnosis program will help you relieve even the most extreme anxiety related to dental surgery. You will learn how to relax, communicate with your dentist, let go of any negative past experiences, and manage your fears, including the fear of losing control. Dr. Peltier is Professor of Psychology at the University of the Pacific School of Dentistry, and a well-known consultant to dental professionals.
By Dr. Bruce Peltier
1 CD $39.00

learn more

 

 

 
In accordance with the National Guild of Hypnotists and the International Medical and Dental Hypnosis Association's Code of Ethics:

  • The practitioner does not treat, prescribe for, or diagnose any medical condition.
  • The practitioner is a facilitator of hypnosis and is not practicing any other profession that requires a license under the laws and regulations of the province in question.
  • Hypnosis is not a replacement for medical treatment, psychological services or counselling. A medical referral might be required for some services.